用实时荧光定量RT-PCR (Real-time RT-PCR)方法对新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的鼻咽拭子样本、粪便样本、痰液标本进行病毒核酸检测，并比较其检出率。

采用成都市公共卫生临床医疗中心确诊的处于病程前期的新型冠状病毒患者的鼻咽试子样本(242份)、粪便样本(78份)、痰液标本(230份)，其中包括同一时间采集患者的两种不同生物学样本(55份)和同一时间采集患者三种不同生物学样本(44份)，均应用Real-time RT-PCR方法对病毒核酸进行检测，比较3种标本单独和联检的阳性检出率。

鼻咽拭子样本、粪便样本、痰液样本中SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性检出率分别为32.64%、39.74%和68.26%，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。三种样本类型联合检测的总阳性率(95.45%)大于两种样本联合。

本研究中三种生物学样本单独检测阳性率以痰液检出率最高，粪便样本次之，鼻咽拭子样本最低，三种样本联合检测将大大提高COVID-19的检出率，为COVID-19实验室检测样本的选择和提高核酸检出率提供参考。

To detect viral nucleic acid in nasopharyngeal swab, stool, and sputum samples of COVID-19 patients using real-time RT-PCR and compare their detection rates.

Nasopharyngeal test samples (242), stool samples (78), and sputum samples (230) were collected from COVID-19 patients at the early stage in Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center, including two different biological samples at the same time collect blood from the patients (55) and at the same time to collect patients in three different biological samples (44), and the viral nucleic acids were detected by real-time RT-PCR, comparing three kinds of positive detection rate of individual and joint inspection samples.

The positive detection rates of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in nasopharyngeal swab samples, stool samples, and sputum samples were 32.64%, 39.74%, and 68.26%, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The total positive rate of the combined detection of the three sample types (95.45%) was higher than that of the combined two types of samples.

The positive rate of the three biological samples separately was the highest in sputum detection, followed by stool samples and nasopharyngeal swabs. The combined detection of the three samples will greatly improve the detection rate of COVID-19, which provides a reference for the selection of samples in the COVID-19 laboratory test and how to improve the detection rate of nucleic acids.