超声支气管镜引导下的经支气管针吸活检（EBUS-TBNA）是呼吸介入专业教学的重点内容。将基于不同模型的模拟教学方法的优劣进行比较，为今后教学方法的改进更新提供思路和依据。

将127名呼吸专科医生，随机进行传统教学方法或模型教学方法培训，后者包括高仿真支气管镜训练设备、超声引导下支气管镜训练模型和动物模型三种方法，对使用不同方法教学的学员在学习兴趣、知识掌握、技术应用方面进行问卷评分；并进行理论和操作分数打分。

三种模拟教学方法在各个维度均优于传统教学方法，其中，动物模型法更优于其他两种方法，而超声引导下支气管镜训练模型法在激发学习兴趣、减轻面对患者的压力以及增强处理类似问题的信心方面优于高仿真支气管镜训练设备。

模拟教学方法在EBUS-TBNA的教学中优于传统教学法，三种模拟教学法在学习兴趣、知识掌握、技术应用方面的比较分别为动物模型法＞超声引导下支气管镜训练模型法＞高仿真支气管镜训练设备，各中心可按照自身的情况进行因材施教。

The endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is the key content of interventional pulmonary medicine. The advantages and disadvantages of simulation teaching methods based on different models are compared to provide ideas and evidence for the improvement of the teaching methods in the EBUS-TBNA field in the future.

127 respiratory physicians were randomly assigned to traditional or simulation teaching methods, the latter including high virtual bronchoscopy training equipment, EBUS bronchoscope training model and animal training model. The students who used different teaching methods were scored by questionnaires in aspects of the study interest, mastery of knowledge, application of technique, and the theoretical and operational scores will be scored.

Simulation teaching methods were superior to the traditional teaching method in all dimensions. Animal training model was superior to other two methods. EBUS bronchoscope training model was superior to high virtual bronchoscopy training equipment in stimulating study interest, reducing the pressure facing patients and enhancing the confidence to deal with similar problems.

The comparison results among three simulation teaching methods in the application of learning interest knowledge mastery techniques showed that the animal training model was the best, the EBUS bronchoscope training model is the second, the high virtual bronchoscopy training equipment is the lowest. Each center can carry out individualized education according to its own situation.