The concept of precision medicine has attracted increased attention in recent years, and myeloid neoplasm is becoming one of the hot topics due to its high complexity and heterogeneity. Precision medicine starts with precise diagnosis, and precise diagnosis depends on the diagnostic technology of different disciplines, reliable quality control system and qualified professionals. With the ongoing healthcare reform, the government vigorously promotes the system of grading diagnosis and treatment. However, because of the uneven distribution of medical resources and technical personnel, the level of diagnosis in different regions is uneven, and the precision medicine is a mission impossible, which restricts the promotion of the classification system. The emergence of reference labs has shed new lights on this dilemma so that various healthcare organizations could share the high quality medical resource. In addition, the advancement of artificial intelligence brings new potential for precision medicine.