To analyze the laboratory indexes and clinical symptoms of patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE), so as to provide the basis for the condition judgment and individual treatment of NPSLE patients.

The laboratory indexes and clinical manifestations of 136 cases of NPSLE and 146 cases of non-NPSLE were compared and analyzed.

The distribution of C-reactive protein, neutrophils, neutrophil rate, antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and hepatitis B virus DNA copies in NPSLE group were higher than those in non-NPSLE group (P<0.05), while the distribution of serum albumin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, immune globulin G, and immune globulin E concentrations, lymphocytes and lymphocyte ratio were lower than those in non-NPSLE group (P<0.05). The systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) score in NPSLE group was significantly higher than in that non-NPSLE group (P<0.05). In addition to the neuropsychological manifestations, the clinical symptoms of low complement (89.71%), 24 hours proteinuria (59.50%) and fever (58.82%) are also common in NPSLE group.

The activity of NPSLE patients was related to the decrease of lymphocyte count and proportion while ANA was positive in serum. Hepatitis B virus infection may be related to NPSLE, which should be paid more attention in clinical diagnosis and treatment.