探讨NLRP3 3'端非编码基因rs10754558变异位点和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)之间的相关性，为探索COPD早期诊治的分子学标志提供线索。

回顾性分析2020年8月至2021年6月，广州医科大学附属第五医院收治入院的COPD患者样本113例和健康对照组样本84例，利用高分辨熔解曲线(HRM)方法检测其核酸SNP分型，收集受试者的临床资料及炎症指标，同时对COPD患者进行口咽部致病菌检查。采用χ²检验，t检验，logistic回归模型统计分析基因与疾病间的相关性。

NLRP3 3'端非编码基因rs10754558位点的基因型及等位基因频率在COPD稳定期组、COPD急性加重期组(AECOPD组)和健康对照组中差异均无统计学意义(χ²=2.798，P=0.592；χ²= 0.536，P=0.765)。logistic回归分析显示，携带G等位基因与携带C等位基因型的患者未增加COPD的发生风险(P＞0.05)，但在炎症因子CRP的表达上，携带G等位基因的CRP水平显著高于携带C等位基因(P=0.016)。

COPD与NLRP3 rs10754558位点多态性无明显相关。COPD患者炎症因子表达升高，G等位基因可能与COPD患者炎症因子CRP的高表达有关。

To provide a potential molecular marker for the early diagnosis and treatment of COPD through investigating the correlation between rs10754558 mutation of NLRP3 3'non coding gene and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

A total of 113 COPD patients and 84 healthy controls were collected from August 2020 to June 2021 in the Fifth Affiliated Hosptial of Guangzhou Medical University. The SNP typing of nucleic acid was detected by HRM method. Meanwhile, clinical data and inflammatory indexes were collected, and pathogenic bacteria in the oropharynx were examined in COPD patients. The χ² test, t test and logistic regression model were used to analyze the correlation between SNPs and COPD.

There was no significant difference in genotype and allele frequency of NLRP3 rs10754558 among stable COPD group, AECOPD group and healthy control group (χ²=2.798, P=0.592; χ²=0.538, P=0.765). Logistic regression analysis showed that patients with G allele and C allele had no increased risk of COPD (P＞0.05). However, the level of CRP in G allele was significantly higher than that in C allele (P=0.016).

There was no significant correlation between COPD and rs10754558 polymorphism of NLRP3. The expression of inflammatory factors was increased in COPD patients. G allele may be related to the high expression of CRP in patients with COPD.