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中华临床实验室管理电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (02) : 75 -79. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5820.2024.02.003

实验研究

结核病γ-干扰素释放试验假阴性的影响因素分析
徐韫健1, 吴柳2, 尹小毛3,()   
  1. 1. 510120 广东广州,广州医科大学附属第一医院检验科
    2. 525299 广东茂名,高州市中医院检验科
    3. 510240 广东广州,广州市红十字会医院检验科
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-21 出版日期:2024-05-28
  • 通信作者: 尹小毛
  • 基金资助:
    广东省医学科研基金项目(A2021068)

Analysis of influencing factors in false negative results of interferon gamma release assay in pulmonary tuberculosis

Yunjian Xu1, Liu Wu2, Xiaomao Yin3,()   

  1. 1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Guangdong 510120, China
    2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gaozhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Maoming Guangdong 525299, China
    3. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong 510240, China
  • Received:2023-11-21 Published:2024-05-28
  • Corresponding author: Xiaomao Yin
引用本文:

徐韫健, 吴柳, 尹小毛. 结核病γ-干扰素释放试验假阴性的影响因素分析[J]. 中华临床实验室管理电子杂志, 2024, 12(02): 75-79.

Yunjian Xu, Liu Wu, Xiaomao Yin. Analysis of influencing factors in false negative results of interferon gamma release assay in pulmonary tuberculosis[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Management(Electronic Edition), 2024, 12(02): 75-79.

目的

探究γ-干扰素释放试验(IGRA)假阴性结果的影响因素,为临床诊断结核感染提供参考。

方法

收集广州医科大学附属第一医院2022年1月1日至2023年11月30日期间符合入组要求的患者资料,分为IGRA假阴性组与阳性组,对多项指标包括年龄、性别、单核细胞计数、淋巴细胞计数、淋巴细胞比率、总蛋白含量、白蛋白含量、合并症、T淋巴细胞亚群及绝对计数进行统计学分析。

结果

IGRA假阴性组与阳性组在年龄、性别、单核细胞计数、总蛋白含量和合并症比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);在淋巴细胞计数、淋巴细胞比率、白蛋白含量比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。假阴性组的淋巴细胞计数、淋巴细胞比率、白蛋白含量低于阳性组,两组患者在合并糖尿病、高血压、病毒性肝炎上差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。两组患者的T淋巴细胞绝对计数比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),T辅助淋巴细胞绝对计数和T抑制淋巴细胞绝对计数两组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。χ2检验显示各淋巴细胞计数分段与IGRA结果相关(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,淋巴细胞计数、淋巴细胞比率、白蛋白含量是IGRA假阴性的独立影响因素。

结论

淋巴细胞计数、淋巴细胞比率、白蛋白含量可能是IGRA假阴性结果的影响因素,对于疑似结核病患者,若出现IGRA阴性结果,需结合临床进行综合判断。

Objective

To investigate factors contributing to false-negative results in the interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) and provide insights for the clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis infection.

Methods

Collect patient data from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 1, 2022 to November 30, 2023, who meet the enrollment requirements, and divide them into IGRA false negative group and positive group. Various indicators, including age, gender, monocyte counts, lymphocyte counts, lymphocyte ratio, total protein and albumin levels, comorbidities, T lymphocyte subsets and absolute counts, were statistically analyzed.

Results

No significant differences (all P>0.05) were observed between the IGRA false-negative and positive groups concerning age, gender, monocyte counts, total protein levels, and comorbidities. However, statistically significant differences (all P<0.05) were noted in lymphocyte counts and ratio, albumin levels. The false-negative group had lower lymphocyte counts, lymphocyte ratio and albumin levels than the positive group. No significant difference between the two groups in the combination of diabetes, hypertension and viral hepatitis (all P>0.05). There was a significant difference in the absolute count of T lymphocyte between the two groups (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the absolute counts of T-helper lymphocyte and T-suppressor lymphocyte between the two groups (all P>0.05). χ2 analysis revealed correlation between segmented lymphocyte counts and IGRA results (P<0.05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis indicated that lymphocyte counts and ratio, albumin levels were independent influencing factors for IGRA false-negative results.

Conclusions

Lymphocyte counts and ratio, albumin levels may influence IGRA false-negative results. For suspected tuberculosis patients, IGRA negative results should be interpreted in conjunction with comprehensive clinical judgment.

表1 IGRA结果的判读
表2 TB-DNA和GeneXpert MTB的结核感染检出情况
表3 IGRA假阴性与阳性组患者临床资料比较
表4 两组患者T淋巴细胞亚群及绝对计数指标比较/
表5 两组患者淋巴细胞计数分段分析/例
表6 IGRA结果假阴性的影响因素分析
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