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中华临床实验室管理电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (04) : 212 -220. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5820.2024.04.004

实验研究

不同表型多囊卵巢综合征患者代谢指标及肥胖相关指标对多囊卵巢综合征合并代谢综合征人群的诊断效能分析
何玉花1, 钟欢妹1, 王文惠1, 沈永棋1, 刘映云1, 顾国威1, 陈丹娜1,()   
  1. 1.511300 广东广州,广州医科大学附属第四医院检验科
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-30 出版日期:2024-11-28
  • 通信作者: 陈丹娜
  • 基金资助:
    广州医科大学科研能力提升项目(2024KYQB01PT)

Analysis of metabolic indexes among patients with different polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)phenotypes and diagnostic efficacy of obesity-related indexes in PCOS patients complicated with metabolic syndrome

Yuhua He1, Huanmei Zhong1, Wenhui Wang1, Yongqi Shen1, Yingyun Liu1, Guowei Gu1, Danna Chen1,()   

  1. 1.Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Guangdong 511300, China
  • Received:2024-08-30 Published:2024-11-28
  • Corresponding author: Danna Chen
引用本文:

何玉花, 钟欢妹, 王文惠, 沈永棋, 刘映云, 顾国威, 陈丹娜. 不同表型多囊卵巢综合征患者代谢指标及肥胖相关指标对多囊卵巢综合征合并代谢综合征人群的诊断效能分析[J/OL]. 中华临床实验室管理电子杂志, 2024, 12(04): 212-220.

Yuhua He, Huanmei Zhong, Wenhui Wang, Yongqi Shen, Yingyun Liu, Guowei Gu, Danna Chen. Analysis of metabolic indexes among patients with different polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)phenotypes and diagnostic efficacy of obesity-related indexes in PCOS patients complicated with metabolic syndrome[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Management(Electronic Edition), 2024, 12(04): 212-220.

目的

比较不同表型多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者的代谢指标,建立并使用新的人体测量指标及血液实验室检测指标评估PCOS 患者的代谢紊乱性。

方法

根据2003 年鹿特丹标准,共纳入270 名PCOS 患者,基于稀发排卵(OA)、雄激素过多(HA)和多囊卵巢形态(PCOM)3 项基本特征的存在,可出现4 种PCOS 表型,将PCOS 患者分为4 组:表型A(经典型):OA+HA+PCOM 为64 名;表型B(高雄激素型):OA+HA 为64 名;表型C(排卵型):HA+PCOM为78 名;表型D(非高雄激素型):OA+PCOM 为64 名。测量并计算体质量指数(BMI)、腰臀比、腰高比、内脏脂肪指数(VAI)、脂质堆积指数(LAP),在经期的第3~5 天,空腹抽取静脉血,测量血液性激素、血脂水平,经口服葡萄糖耐量试验测量血糖、胰岛素(INS),计算三酰甘油-葡萄糖(TyG)指数、TyG-腰高比、游离雄激素指数(FAI)、稳态INS 评估模型INS 抵抗(HOMA-IR)指数,比较4 组PCOS 表型患者的人体测量指标及血液实验室检测指标,以及PCOS 患者代谢综合征(MetS)中不同指标之间的差异性,使用受试者工作特征曲线比较新的人体测量指标及血液实验室检测指标诊断PCOS 患者MetS 的效能。

结果

BMI、臀围、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)、FAI、抗苗勒管激素(AMH)、总胆固醇(TC)、总三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、TyG、TyG-腰高比、INS、HOMA-IR、LAP 在4 组PCOS 表型患者中的差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。在MetS 与非MetS 的患者中,人体测量指标(体质量、BMI、血压、腰围、臀围、腰臀比、腰高比)、生殖激素(LH、LH/FSH、SHBG、FAI、AMH)、血糖及INS(VAI、LAP、TyG-腰高比)、血脂(TG、HDL-C、LDL-C 及TyG)间的差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。VAI 诊断PCOS 合并MetS患者时曲线下面积为0.976(95%CI=0.960~0.992),敏感度和特异度分别为100.000%和89.669%。

结论

广州增城地区不同表型的PCOS 患者间的生殖激素、血脂、血糖及INS、人体测量指标存在差异性,且VAI 诊断PCOS 合并MetS 患者的效能最高。

Objective

To compare the metabolic markers of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)patients with different phenotypes, and establish and use new anthropometric and blood markers to evaluate the metabolic deregulations of PCOS patients.

Methods

270 PCOS patients were enrolled according to the 2003 Rotterdam criteria. 4 phenotypes of PCOS can occur based on the presence of 3 basic characteristics:oligovulation (OA), hyperandrogenism (HA), and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM). PCOS patients were divided into 4 groups: phenotype A (classic type): OA+HA+PCOM, with 64 patients in it; phenotype B (hyperandrogen type): OA+HA, with 64 patients in it; phenotype C (ovulatory type): HA+PCOM, with 78 patients in it; phenotype D (non-hyperandrogenic type): OA+PCOM, including 64 patients in it. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, visceral adiposity index (VAI), and lipid accumulation product (LAP) were measured and calculated. Venous blood was drawn on the fasting stomach on the 3~5th day of menstrual period to measure blood sex hormones and blood lipids. Blood glucose and insulin (INS)were measured by oral glucose tolerance test, triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, TyG waist-to-height ratio,free androgen index (FAI) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were calculated, and anthropometric indexes and blood markers of PCOS phenotype patients in the 4 groups were compared. The effectiveness of new anthropometric indicators and blood markers in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in PCOS patients was compared using receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results

BMI,hip circumference, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), FAI, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), TyG, TyG-waist height ratio, INS, HOMA-IR and LAP were differences among the 4 groups of PCOS phenotypes (P<0.05). In the patients with MetS and non-MetS, there were significant differences in anthropometric indicators such as body mass, BMI, blood pressure, waist circumference, hip circumference,waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, reproductive hormones such as LH, LH/FSH, SHBG, FAI, AMH,the differences of blood glucose and INS such as VAI, LAP, TyG-waist height ratio, blood lipids such as TG,HDL-C, LDL-C, TyG (P<0.05). When VAI is used to diagnose PCOS patients with MetS, the area under the curve is 0.976 (95% CI=0.960~0.992), the sensitivity and specificity were 100.000% and 89.669%,respectively.

Conclusions

There are differences in reproductive hormones, blood lipids, blood glucose, INS and anthropometrics among PCOS patients with different phenotypes in Zengcheng District of Guangzhou, and VAI has the highest efficacy in diagnosing MetS in PCOS patients, which can be applied clinically.

图1 研究对象筛选流程图
表1 不同PCOS 表型的人体测量指标及血液实验室检测指标比较
变量 组A(n=64) 组B(n=64) 组C(n=78) 组D(n=64) F/K P
人体测量指标
年龄/岁 27.13±5.39 27.00±6.27 28.17±5.42 28.63±4.58 1.364 0.254
身高/cm 157.02±5.21 156.64±5.27 156.81±5.21 156.50±5.42 0.114 0.952
体质量/kg 56.48±10.04 55.28±11.46 56.96±11.77 51.85±8.62a,c 3.148 0.026
BMI/(kg/m2 22.93±4.11 22.48±4.28 23.13±4.46 21.16±3.43a,c 3.100 0.027
收缩压/mmHg 114.17±11.00 114.78±10.76 112.78±12.39 110.79±11.92 1.495 0.216
舒张压/mmHg 75.09±9.08 75.09±10.61 73.55±9.55 72.34±10.82 1.144 0.332
腰围/cm 82.36±8.81 80.89±9.97 81.64±11.04 78.08±7.73 2.489 0.061
臀围/cm 94.01±6.99 91.93±7.30 93.46±9.16 89.83±6.32a,c 3.970 0.009
腰臀比 0.87±0.05 0.87±0.06 0.87±0.08 0.86±0.05 0.270 0.847
腰高比 0.53±0.06 0.52±0.06 0.52±0.07 0.50±0.05a 2.012 0.113
生殖激素
FSH/(mIU/ml) 6.32(5.46,7.41) 5.98(4.71,7.44) 5.53(4.09,6.73) 5.94(4.30,7.33) 8.195 0.042
LH/(mIU/ml) 10.44(5.89,17.71) 8.94(4.92,16.03) 7.66(4.75,13.63) 6.62(4.25,16.04) 4.361 0.225
LH/FSH 1.74(1.01,2.79) 1.38(0.82,2.70) 1.63(0.89,2.58) 1.41(0.55,2.61) 2.645 0.450
T/(ng/ml) 54.62(40.97,69.50) 54.50(42.14,71.79) 60.28(44.29,77.90) 53.27(37.90,71.61) 3.316 0.345
SHBG/(nmol/L) 46.11(30.25,73.94) 51.28(38.47,81.64) 38.83(25.74,66.75)b 72.86(52.56,124.49)a,b,c 30.457 <0.001
FAI 4.30(2.43,7.62) 3.38(1.91,5.93) 5.30(2.54,8.41)b 2.59(1.31,4.03)a,b,c 30.663 <0.001
AMH/(pmol/L) 10.03(6.18,13.14) 8.18(4.36,12.35) 9.32(5.61,14.65) 3.61(1.32,10.88)a,b,c 13.349 0.004
血脂
TC/(mmol/L) 4.82±0.76 4.61±0.79 4.76±0.72 4.43±0.99a,c 2.950 0.033
TG/(mmol/L) 1.02(0.76,1.53) 0.92(0.69,1.28) 0.98(0.69,1.43) 0.80(0.60,1.04)a,c 10.580 0.014
HDL-C/(mmol/L) 1.65±0.76 1.58±0.48 1.53±0.39 1.63±0.55 0.650 0.584
LDL-C/(mmol/L) 3.12±0.70 2.81±0.69 2.98±0.65 2.79±0.79a 3.047 0.029
TyG 8.37±0.49 8.26±0.59 8.36±0.59 8.02±0.84a,c 4.317 0.005
血糖及INS
FPG/(mmol/L) 4.94±0.45 5.03±0.71 5.28±1.54 4.93±0.47 2.172 0.092
INS/(mmol/L) 13.99(9.39,18.39) 12.86(8.42,20.57) 14.76(8.16,21.49) 10.73(7.42,13.98)a,b,c 10.368 0.016
HOMA-IR 3.04(1.97,4.33) 2.78(1.81,4.62) 3.31(1.86,5.06) 2.36(1.69,3.31)a,b,c 11.000 0.012
TyG-腰高比 4.40±0.61 4.29±0.72 4.38±0.81 4.02±0.69a,b,c 3.840 0.010
VAI 1.31(0.82,2.06) 1.16(0.77,1.79) 1.23(0.75,2.09) 0.92(0.65,1.57)a 7.126 0.068
LAP 23.01(17.13,44.14) 19.34(11.49,33.21) 22.22(10.92,39.22)b 13.62(9.29,23.28)a,b,c 13.519 0.004
MetS/例(%) 5(7.81) 5(7.81) 13(16.67) 4(6.25) 5.512 0.138
IR/例(%) 40(62.50) 37(57.81) 50(64.10) 30(46.68) 4.961 0.175
血脂异常/例(%) 9(14.06) 7(10.94) 14(17.95) 8(12.50) 1.614 0.656
肥胖/例(%) 17(26.56) 13(20.31) 22(28.21) 7(10.94) 7.202 0.066
中心型肥胖/例(%) 24(37.50) 20(31.25) 28(35.90) 11(17.19) 7.848 0.049
高血压/例(%) 14(21.88) 13(20.31) 13(16.67) 14(21.88) 0.824 0.844
高血糖/例(%) 8(12.50) 7(10.94) 13(16.67) 4(6.25) 3.715 0.294
表2 PCOS 合并MetS 患者的人体测量指标及血液实验室检测指标分析
变量 MetS(n=27) 非MetS(n=243) t/U2 P
人体测量指标
年龄/岁 28.07±4.14 27.71±5.60 0.330 0.742
身高/cm 157.57±4.94 156.65±5.28 0.857 0.392
体质量/kg 69.86±10.87 53.61±9.44 8.353 <0.001
BMI/(kg/m2 28.12±4.06 21.83±3.67 8.360 <0.001
收缩压/mmHg 122.19±11.37 112.11±11.21 4.423 <0.001
舒张压/mmHg 83.63±10.94 72.93±9.34 5.547 <0.001
腰围/cm 94.79±7.57 79.24±8.53 9.080 <0.001
臀围/cm 101.48±6.19 91.35±7.22 7.003 <0.001
腰臀比 0.93±0.04 0.86±0.06 5.454 <0.001
腰高比 0.60±0.05 0.51±0.05 8.770 <0.001
生殖激素
FSH/(mIU/ml) 5.60(4.53,6.65) 6.03(4.69,7.22) -1.013 0.311
LH/(mIU/ml) 6.91(3.86,8.89) 9.14(4.86,16.36) -2.022 0.043
LH/FSH 1.21(0.85,1.64) 1.71(0.85,2.72) -2.117 0.034
T/(ng/ml) 57.65±22.45 58.38±24.66 -0.148 0.882
SHBG/(nmol/L) 23.02(17.91,36.68) 55.70(37.18,87.16) -5.912 <0.001
FAI 8.03(4.87,13.28) 3.29(1.92,5.65) 4.579 <0.001
AMH/(pmol/L) 5.28(1.89,7.54) 8.65(4.57,13.33) -2.144 0.032
血脂
TC/(mmol/L) 4.94±0.69 4.63±0.83 1.879 0.061
TG/(mmol/L) 2.17(1.60,2.99) 0.86(0.67,1.21) 7.490 <0.001
HDL-C/(mmol/L) 1.04±0.18 1.66±0.55 -5.824 <0.001
LDL-C/(mmol/L) 3.30±0.65 2.89±0.71 2.875 0.004
TyG 9.17±0.53 8.16±0.58 8.715 <0.001
血糖及INS
FPG/(mmol/L) 5.76±2.04 4.98±0.72 4.139 <0.001
INS/(mIU/L) 27.83(18.36,43.15) 11.85(8.15,16.79) 6.262 <0.001
HOMA-IR 6.58(4.36,10.43) 2.61(1.73,3.75) 6.378 <0.001
TyG-腰高比 5.53±0.53 4.14±0.60 11.506 <0.001
VAI 4.25(2.68,5.79) 1.00(0.75,1.66) 8.111 <0.001
LAP 83.99(57.00,105.30) 17.85(10.95,29.20) 7.937 <0.001
IR/例(%) 26(96.30) 112(53.91) 17.940 <0.001
血脂异常/例(%) 19(70.37) 19(7.82) 78.621 <0.001
肥胖/例(%) 21(77.78) 38(15.64) 54.947 <0.001
中心型肥胖/例(%) 25(92.59) 58(23.87) 53.906 <0.001
高血压/例(%) 17(62.96) 37(15.23) 34.609 <0.001
高血糖/例(%) 15(55.56) 17(6.99) 54.848 <0.001
表3 不同实验室检测指标对MetS 的诊断效能比较
图2 不同实验室检测指标诊断PCOS 合并MetS患者的ROC 曲线图
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