The preliminary research on the distribution characteristics of peripheral T lymphocytes subsets in new AIDS patients combined with other pathogenic microorganisms in Yunnan areas

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5820.2023.01.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To explore the distribution characteristics of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets in AIDS patients with opportunistic infections, and to provide some data references for AIDS prevention and control work in Yunnan areas.

Methods

A total of 220 anticoagulant blood samples of AIDS patients who were initially diagnosed in the Department of Infectious Disease of Kunming Third People's Hospital from June 2018 to January 2020 were collected. Among them, 33 cases were suffered from AIDS with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 30 cases were diagnosed with AIDS combined with hepatitis C virus, 31 cases were suffered from AIDS with Talaromyces marneffei, 45 cases of AIDS were associated with 1 pathogens, 30 cases of AIDS were associated with 2 pathogens, and 51 cases of AIDS were associated with 3 types of pathogens or more. The patients' peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets were detected by flow cytometry, and the distribution characteristics of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets among different groups were compared and analyzed.

Results

The count of peripheral blood CD4⁺T lymphocytes, percentage of CD4⁺/lymphocyte and ratio of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ of AIDS patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis or hepatitis C virus infection were much higher than those of AIDS patients with Talaromyces marneffei, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The count of CD3⁺T lymphocyte, percentage of CD3⁺/lymphocyte, count of CD4⁺T lymphocyte, percentage of CD4⁺/lymphocyte and ratio of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in peripheral blood of AIDS patients with another pathogenic microorganism were much higher than those of AIDS patients with 2 or 3 or more pathogens, and the differences were statistically significance (P＜0.05).

Conclusions

The cellular and humoral immune functions of AIDS patients infected with Talaromyces marneffei are at an extremely low level. As the patients with HIV enter the AIDS stage, the more opportunistic pathogens co-infected, the lower the indicators of T lymphocyte subsets, resulting in a sharp decline in the immune level of patients. It is to be further investigated that whether it is related to the baseline level of T lymphocyte subsets in patients in asymptomatic stage or antagonistic and synergistic effects among pathogens.

Key words: acquired immune deficiency syndrome, opportunistic infection, T lymphocyte subset specificity, distribution characteristics

Shan Huang, Songqin Lyu, Juan Zhang, Liping Xu, Jianeng Li, Xiaofei Li. The preliminary research on the distribution characteristics of peripheral T lymphocytes subsets in new AIDS patients combined with other pathogenic microorganisms in Yunnan areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Management(Electronic Edition), 2023, 11(01): 16-20.

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项目	AIDS/TB（n =33）	AIDS/HCV（n =30）	AIDS/TM（n =31）	k-w值	P值
CD3⁺T淋巴细胞/（个/μl）	615.1（309.6，854.5）	896.5（498.2，1273.9）	326.6（114.1，624.8）	17.210	＜0.001
CD4⁺ T淋巴细胞/（个/μl）	65.9（35.0，195.1）	158.3（94.1，346.5）	21.9（7.1，56.8）	31.197	＜0.001
CD8⁺ T淋巴细胞/（个/μl）	471.2±291.3	661.6±582.1	242.4（86.1，571.6）	8.140	0.017
CD3⁺／淋巴细胞/%	65.9±12.9	69.1±12.3	59.8±16.1	6.328	0.042
CD4⁺／淋巴细胞/%	8.3（4.6，16.6）	13.4（9.3，21.3）	5.2±3.2	27.370	＜0.001
CD8⁺/淋巴细胞/%	49.9±15.1	47.1±15.0	52.4（34.8，61.2）	1.495	0.474
CD4⁺/CD8⁺	0.3（0.1，0.5）	0.3（0.1，0.6）	0.1（0.1，0.2）	19.727	＜0.001

项目	AIDS/TB（n =33）	AIDS/HCV（n =30）	AIDS/TM（n =31）	k-w值	P值
CD3⁺T淋巴细胞/（个/μl）	615.1（309.6，854.5）	896.5（498.2，1273.9）	326.6（114.1，624.8）	17.210	＜0.001
CD4⁺ T淋巴细胞/（个/μl）	65.9（35.0，195.1）	158.3（94.1，346.5）	21.9（7.1，56.8）	31.197	＜0.001
CD8⁺ T淋巴细胞/（个/μl）	471.2±291.3	661.6±582.1	242.4（86.1，571.6）	8.140	0.017
CD3⁺／淋巴细胞/%	65.9±12.9	69.1±12.3	59.8±16.1	6.328	0.042
CD4⁺／淋巴细胞/%	8.3（4.6，16.6）	13.4（9.3，21.3）	5.2±3.2	27.370	＜0.001
CD8⁺/淋巴细胞/%	49.9±15.1	47.1±15.0	52.4（34.8，61.2）	1.495	0.474
CD4⁺/CD8⁺	0.3（0.1，0.5）	0.3（0.1，0.6）	0.1（0.1，0.2）	19.727	＜0.001

项目	AIDS/1（n=45）	AIDS/2（n=30）	AIDS/≥3（n=51）	k-w值	P值
CD3⁺ T淋巴细胞/（个/μl）	1097.1±568.0	693.7（516.3，916.4）	451.4（253.3，672.1）	24.245	＜0.001
CD4⁺ T淋巴细胞/（个/μl）	190.7（116.9，467.4）	42.8（21.9，135.6）	35.0（11.6，80.2）	38.747	＜0.001
CD8⁺ T淋巴细胞/（个/μl）	701.9±387.5	447.6（210.7，774.1）	372.9（211.6，525.6）	11.311	0.003
CD3⁺／淋巴细胞/%	72.9（65.6，78.8）	61.9±16.3	66.5±13.2	7.770	0.021
CD4⁺／淋巴细胞/%	18.9±12.2	7.7±5.0	5.8（3.1，8.6）	35.176	＜0.001
CD8⁺／淋巴细胞/%	47.1±14.9	50.5±14.5	55.1±12.1	5.348	0.069
CD4⁺／CD8⁺	0.4（0.2，0.7）	0.1（0.1，0.2）	0.1（0.1，0.1）	32.921	＜0.001

项目	AIDS/1（n=45）	AIDS/2（n=30）	AIDS/≥3（n=51）	k-w值	P值
CD3⁺ T淋巴细胞/（个/μl）	1097.1±568.0	693.7（516.3，916.4）	451.4（253.3，672.1）	24.245	＜0.001
CD4⁺ T淋巴细胞/（个/μl）	190.7（116.9，467.4）	42.8（21.9，135.6）	35.0（11.6，80.2）	38.747	＜0.001
CD8⁺ T淋巴细胞/（个/μl）	701.9±387.5	447.6（210.7，774.1）	372.9（211.6，525.6）	11.311	0.003
CD3⁺／淋巴细胞/%	72.9（65.6，78.8）	61.9±16.3	66.5±13.2	7.770	0.021
CD4⁺／淋巴细胞/%	18.9±12.2	7.7±5.0	5.8（3.1，8.6）	35.176	＜0.001
CD8⁺／淋巴细胞/%	47.1±14.9	50.5±14.5	55.1±12.1	5.348	0.069
CD4⁺／CD8⁺	0.4（0.2，0.7）	0.1（0.1，0.2）	0.1（0.1，0.1）	32.921	＜0.001

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