To investigate the changes of myocardial injury indexes of male officers and soldiers under the two exposure states of rushing into the plateau and the altitude acclimatization, so as to provide a basis for the research of high altitude myocardial injury.

A total of 57 officers and soldiers from a Xinjiang military unit after rush entry into plateau(altitude 4 300 meters)and plateau acclimation (altitude 4 300 meters) were included in the experimental group, while 42 officers and soldiers who had been living in the plain (altitude 43 meters) were included in the control group. Chemiluminescence and immunoturbidimetric methods were carried out to detect theindexes of myocardial injury in both groups, including creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), myoglobin (MYO), hypersensitivity changes in cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI), C-reactive protein (CRP) and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).

The median blood levels of CK, CK-MB, MYO, hs-cTnI, CRP, and hs-CRP were 168.20 ng/L, 1.20 ng/L, 39.80 ng/L, 1.00 pg/L, 0.70 mg/L and 0.75 mg/L when people rapidly entered into the plateau state, and the levels in control group were 135.70 ng/L, 0.90 ng/L, 38.80 ng/L, 1.00 pg/L, 0.50 mg/L and 0.40 mg/L. There was a statistically significant difference at the levels of CK, CK-MB and hs-CRP between two groups (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the indicators in the rapid state had significant statistical differences (P<0.01); while the CK, CK-MB, MYO and hs-cTnI in the acclimatized state had significant statistical differences (P<0.01).

When the body was acutely exposed to the altitude environment, its myocardial markers were increased. However, the inflammatory index was improved after the plateau acclimatization, but it still caused the increase of myocardial markers. The increase of myocardial enzymes suggested that the attention should be paid to myocardial protection after myocardial injury. At the same time, this study provided a basis for the study of myocardial injury in patients with acute plateau and plateau acclimatization.