Expression of sperm associated antigen 9 and its clinical value in primary hepatic carcinoma

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5820.2014.04.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the expression of sperm associated antigen 9（SPAG9）in primary hepatic carcinoma （PHC） tissues and serum，and assess its diagnostic value for PHC patients.

Methods

The expression of SPAG9 and Ki67 was detected in 64 pairs of PHC tissues and adjacent noncancerous liver tissues by immunohistochemistry （IHC），and the correlation between SPAG9 expression and clinicopathological data was analyzed. Levels of serum SPAG9 antibody and alpha fetoprotein （AFP）were detected in 28 normal healthy controls，7 patients with cirrhosis，17 patients with hepatitis，56 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma，10 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and 5 patients with metastatic hepatic carcinoma by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and chemiluminescence（CL），separately. The diagnostic value of serum SPAG9 antibody and AFP in PHC patients was calculated by the receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve.

Results

The positive rate of SPAG9 expression was 54.7% （35/64）in PHC tissues and 23.4% （15/64）in the corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues，and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=18.050，P﹤0.001）.SPAG9 expression had significant positive correlation with Ki67（r=0.403，P=0.001），but had no correlation with the tumor size，TNM stage，tumor number or lymphatic vascular invasion（χ² =0.479，0.331，2.532，0.740，1.733； P﹥0.05）.Serum SPAG9 antibody level was significantly higher in PHC group than that in hepatitis group［15.97（8.36-23.84）kIU/L vs 4.98 （4.03-6.63） kIU/L，Z=13.83，P﹤0.001］ and in control group ［15.97 （8.36-23.84） kIU/L vs 4.96（3.64-8.18）kIU/L，Z=6.896，P﹤0.001］，which had no significantly statistic difference compared with that in cirrhosis group［15.97（8.36-23.84）kIU/L vs 19.10（9.40-20.59）kIU/L，Z=0.096，P﹥0.05］and in metastatic hepatic carcinoma group［15.97（8.36-23.84）kIU/L vs 50.95（6.07～407.95）kIU/L，Z=0.949，P﹥0.05］.ROC curve analysis showed that critical values of SPAG9 antibody and AFP were 8.14 kIU/L and 14.1 µg/L，and area under the curves（AUCs）were 0.792 and 0.791，respectively.The accuracy of SPAG9 antibody and AFP in PHC diagnosis was 78.9% （97/123）and 77.2% （95/123），sensitivity was 87.9% （58/66）and 62.1% （41/66）and specificity of 68.4%（39/57）and 94.7% （54/57），respectively.AUC of combined diagnosis was 0.860，sensitivity of 90.9% （60/66），specificity of 66.7% （38/57）and accuracy of 79.7% （98/123）.Serum SPAG9 antibody levels of six patients were all positive taking 8.14 kIU/L as cut-off value，and five of them showed positive IHC staining of SPAG9 in PHC tissues，suggesting that tendency of SPAG9 expression in PHC tissues and its antibody level in serum is highly consistent.

Conclusion

SPAG9 is highly expressed in cancerous tissues and serum of PHC patients，and the serum SPAG9 antibody may be used as the auxiliary index for PHC diagnosis.

Key words: Primary hepatic carcinoma, Sperm associated antigen 9, Diagnosis

Qiuyue Yan, Ying Qian, Yanning Liu, Aijing Sun, Yunlu Wu, Zhuan Zheng, Xuejun Dong. Expression of sperm associated antigen 9 and its clinical value in primary hepatic carcinoma[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Management(Electronic Edition), 2014, 02(04): 53-57.

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References 14

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组别	例数	年龄（岁）	性别		肝硬化		HBsAg
组别	例数	年龄（岁）	男	女	有	无	阳性	阴性
原发性肝癌组	66	57（36～80）	50	16	24	42	33	33
转移性肝癌组	5	56（25～78）	3	2	0	0	0	0
肝硬化组	7	43（18～72）	4	3	7	0	3	4
肝炎组	17	55（40～75）	10	7	0	0	17	0
健康对照组	28	52（35～71）	12	16	0	0	0	0

组别	例数	年龄（岁）	性别		肝硬化		HBsAg
组别	例数	年龄（岁）	男	女	有	无	阳性	阴性
原发性肝癌组	66	57（36～80）	50	16	24	42	33	33
转移性肝癌组	5	56（25～78）	3	2	0	0	0	0
肝硬化组	7	43（18～72）	4	3	7	0	3	4
肝炎组	17	55（40～75）	10	7	0	0	17	0
健康对照组	28	52（35～71）	12	16	0	0	0	0

临床病理指标	例数	SPAG9［阳性例（%）］	χ ²值	P值
肿瘤大小（cm）
≤5	51	29（56.9）	0.479	0.489
＞5	13	6（46.1）
TNM分期
Ⅰ+Ⅱ	35	18（51.4）	0.331	0.565
Ⅲ+Ⅳ	29	17（58.6）
组织分型
肝内胆管癌	20	8（40.0）	2.532	0.175
肝细胞性肝癌	44	27（61.4）
肿瘤数量（个）
1	39	23（59.0）	0.740	0.390
＞1	25	12（48.0）
淋巴血管侵袭
是	51	30（58.8）	1.733	0.188
否	13	5（38.5）

临床病理指标	例数	SPAG9［阳性例（%）］	χ ²值	P值
肿瘤大小（cm）
≤5	51	29（56.9）	0.479	0.489
＞5	13	6（46.1）
TNM分期
Ⅰ+Ⅱ	35	18（51.4）	0.331	0.565
Ⅲ+Ⅳ	29	17（58.6）
组织分型
肝内胆管癌	20	8（40.0）	2.532	0.175
肝细胞性肝癌	44	27（61.4）
肿瘤数量（个）
1	39	23（59.0）	0.740	0.390
＞1	25	12（48.0）
淋巴血管侵袭
是	51	30（58.8）	1.733	0.188
否	13	5（38.5）

分组	例数	SPAG9浓度［kIU/L，M（P₂₅～P₇₅）］	Z值	P值
PHC组	66	15.97（8.36～23.84）
转移性肝癌组	5	50.95（6.07～407.95）	0.949	0.343
肝硬化组	7	19.10（9.40～20.59）	0.096	0.923
肝炎组	17	4.98（4.03～6.63）	13.83	＜0.001
健康对照组	28	4.96（3.64～8.18）	18.46	＜0.001

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