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中华临床实验室管理电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (04) : 213 -219. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5820.2025.04.004

调查研究

浙江省玉环地区育龄女性地中海贫血基因分布和血液学指标特征分析
林再菊1,(), 胡凌云1, 王雪丽1, 杨爱珍1, 张燕1, 董金凤1, 周媛媛2, 刘军权2, 闫恒2   
  1. 1 317600 浙江台州,玉环市妇幼保健院检验科
    2 310018 浙江杭州,杭州金域医学检验实验室有限公司
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-14 出版日期:2025-11-28
  • 通信作者: 林再菊

Analysis of gene distribution and hematological characteristics of thalassemia in women of childbearing age in Yuhuan, Zhejiang Province

Zaiju Lin1,(), Lingyun Hu1, Xueli Wang1, Aizhen Yang1, Yan Zhang1, Jinfeng Dong1, Yuanyuan Zhou2, Junquan Liu2, Heng Yan2   

  1. 1 Yuhuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taizhou Zhejiang 317600, China
    2 Hangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018, China
  • Received:2024-09-14 Published:2025-11-28
  • Corresponding author: Zaiju Lin
引用本文:

林再菊, 胡凌云, 王雪丽, 杨爱珍, 张燕, 董金凤, 周媛媛, 刘军权, 闫恒. 浙江省玉环地区育龄女性地中海贫血基因分布和血液学指标特征分析[J/OL]. 中华临床实验室管理电子杂志, 2025, 13(04): 213-219.

Zaiju Lin, Lingyun Hu, Xueli Wang, Aizhen Yang, Yan Zhang, Jinfeng Dong, Yuanyuan Zhou, Junquan Liu, Heng Yan. Analysis of gene distribution and hematological characteristics of thalassemia in women of childbearing age in Yuhuan, Zhejiang Province[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Management(Electronic Edition), 2025, 13(04): 213-219.

目的

了解浙江省玉环地区育龄女性携带地中海贫血基因的基因型分布和血液学指标特点,为该地区的地中海贫血筛查和预防控制提供科学依据。

方法

2021年5月1日至2022年2月28日,对浙江省玉环市妇幼保健院15~49周岁育龄女性进行血常规检测,对Hb<115 g/L且平均红细胞体积(MCV)<82 fL或Hb<115 g/L且平均Hb含量(MCH)<27 pg的人群进一步进行地中海贫血基因检测和高分辨Hb电泳,并分析不同基因型异常患者的血液学结果。

结果

共纳入2039例育龄女性,其中318例符合Hb<115 g/L且MCV<82 fL或Hb<115 g/L且MCH<27 pg的受检者接受了地中海贫血基因检测,共检出64例地中海贫血基因携带者,检出率为20.13%(64/318)。其中,53例携带α-地中海贫血基因,以SEA型和3.7型多见;10例携带β-地中海贫血基因,以IVS-Ⅱ-654型点突变多见;另1例携带α/β复合型地中海贫血基因,基因类型为CS+IVS-Ⅱ-654

结论

玉环地区育龄女性携带α型地中海贫血基因以SEA型杂合子(--/αα)和3.7型杂合子(-α/αα)多见,携带β-地中海贫血基因以IVS-II-654多见。根据基因异常患者的血液学结果进行特征分析,可为该地区的地中海贫血筛查提供参考。

Objective

To characterize the genotype distribution and hematological profiles of thalassemia carriers among women of childbearing age in Yuhuan, Zhejiang Province, thereby providing a scientific basis for thalassemia screening and prevention.

Methods

From May 1, 2021 to February 28, 2022, routine blood tests were performed on women aged 15–49 years at Yuhuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital. Individuals with hemoglobin (Hb)<115 g/L and mean corpuscular volume (MCV)<82 fL, or Hb<115 g/L and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)<27 pg, were further subjected to thalassemia gene detection and high-resolution hemoglobin electrophoresis. The hematological results of patients with different genotype abnormalities were analyzed.

Results

A total of 2039 women of childbearing age were included. Among them, 318 subjects meeting the criteria of Hb<115 g/L with MCV<82 fL, or Hb<115 g/L with MCH<27 pg underwent thalassemia gene detection. A total of 64 thalassemia gene carriers were identified, with a detection rate of 20.13% (64/318). Among them, 53 cases carried α-thalassemia genes, predominantly SEA type and 3.7 type; 10 cases carried β-thalassemia genes, predominantly IVS-Ⅱ-654 point mutation; and 1 case carried α/β compound thalassemia gene, with the genotype of CS+IVS-Ⅱ-654.

Conclusions

The α-thalassemia genes in women of childbearing age in Yuhuan area are predominantly SEA type heterozygote (--/αα) and 3.7 type heterozygote (-α/αα), while the β-thalassemia gene is predominantly IVS-Ⅱ-654. Characteristic analysis based on the hematological results of patients with genetic abnormalities can provide a reference for thalassemia screening in this region.

表1 各年龄组受检女性血液学检测(
±s
表2 育龄女性基因分型结果
表3 血液学指标检测结果与地中海贫血基因型关联分析/
±s
表4 镜检HbH包涵体、电泳异常条带与地中海贫血基因型关联分析/例(%)
图1 不同地中海贫血基因携带者血液学指标分布
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